Biosensors and Their Applications in Point of-Care Diagnostics

Abstract

Biosensors have emerged as powerful tools in the field of point-of-care diagnostics, offering rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of biomolecules with applications ranging from healthcare to environmental monitoring. This abstract provides an overview of biosensors and their pivotal role in revolutionizing diagnostic techniques. It begins by elucidating the fundamental principles underlying biosensor design, encompassing the interaction between biological recognition elements and transducing elements to convert biological signals into measurable outputs. Various types of biosensors, including electrochemical, optical, and piezoelectric biosensors, are discussed, highlighting their distinct advantages and applications. Furthermore, this abstract explores recent advancements in biosensor technology, such as the integration of nanomaterials, microfluidics, and smartphone-based platforms, which have enabled enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and portability of biosensing devices. Moreover, the utility of biosensors in point-of-care diagnostics is emphasized, showcasing their ability to facilitate rapid and accurate detection of various analytes, including biomarkers for infectious diseases, cancer, and metabolic disorders. Finally, challenges and future perspectives in the field of biosensors are outlined, underscoring the importance of addressing issues related to assay complexity, reproducibility, and scalability to further enhance the efficacy and accessibility of point-of-care diagnostics. Overall, biosensors represent a promising avenue for advancing healthcare delivery by enabling timely and personalized disease diagnosis at the point of need.